Czech-German bilateral relations have become stable and rather uneventful. Since the fractious debates of the 1990s on past injustices, diplomats of both countries have sought to find a robust common ...

At the moment of the Russian onslaught in 1877, in the lands later made into Bulgaria, half of the inhabitants were Muslims, 90 percent of whom spoke Turkish. They fled before the advancing armies, ...

Over 30 years have passed since Germany reunified and signed a pivotal agreement on bilateral affairs with Poland. Meant to signal the start of a new age of co-operation, the treaty’s spirit has ...

The thaw of the 1980s allowed Russian historians to become re-acquainted with the pre-revolutionary and non-Marxist methods of interpreting historical events. These approaches paved a new way for ...

Alongside several of its neighbours, Poland recently celebrated a quarter of a century in NATO. Seen as a means of ensuring the country’s transition to democracy, membership of the Alliance has ...

Many Western European public debates about help for Ukraine juxtapose feelings of solidarity for Ukrainians with concerns about the security of the West. This dualism ignores the core national ...

Over the past two and a half years of full-scale war with Russia, Ukraine has dramatically ramped up its defence production capabilities. This strategic shift aims to gradually meet the nation’s ...

For more than ten years, Ukraine has been fighting for its independence, territorial integrity, and the freedom of its people against a much more powerful opponent, which used to possess the world’s ...